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Assessing construct reliability through open-ended survey response analysis
Borealis
Koralesky, Katherine; von Keyserlingk, M.A.G; Weary, D.M — 2023-04-14 Online surveys often include quantitative attention checks, but inattentive participants might also be identified using their qualitative responses. We used the software Turnitin™ to assess the originality of open-ended responses in four mixed-method online surveys that included validated multi-item rating scales. Across surveys, 18-35% of participants were identified as having copied responses from online sources. We assessed indicator reliability and internal consistency reliability and found that both were lower for participants identified as using copied text versus those who wrote more original responses. Those who provided more original responses also provided more consistent responses to the validated scales, suggesting that these participants were more attentive. We conclude that this process can be used to screen qualitative responses from online surveys. We encourage future research to replicate this screening process using similar tools, investigate strategies to reduce copying behaviour, and explore the motivation of participants to search for information online.
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Social Acceptance of Genetic Engineering Technology
Borealis
Koralesky, Katherine; Sirovica, Lara; Hendricks, Jillian; Mills, Katelyn; von Keyserlingk, M.A.G; Weary, D.M — 2022-09-14 Genetic engineering of animals has been proposed to address societal problems, but public acceptance of the use of this technology is unclear. Previous work has shown that the source of information proposing the technology (e.g. companies, universities), the term used to describe the technology (e.g. genome editing, genetic modification), and the genetic engineering application (e.g. different food products) affects technology acceptance. We conducted three mixed-method surveys and used a causal trust-acceptability model to understand social acceptance of genetic engineering (GE) by investigating 1) the source of information proposing the technology, 2) the term used to describe the technology, and 3) the GE application for farm animals proposed. Quantitative analysis showed that the source of information and technology term had little to no effect on social acceptance. Further, participants expressed their understanding of technology using a range of terms interchangeably, all describing technology used to change an organism’s DNA. Applications involving animals were perceived as less beneficial than a plant application, and an application for increased cattle muscle growth was perceived as more risky than a plant application. We used structural equation modelling and confirmed model fit for each survey. In each survey, perceptions of benefit had the greatest effect on acceptance. Following our hypothesized model, social trust had an indirect influence on acceptance through similar effects of perceived benefit and risk. When assessing the acceptability of applications participants considered impacts on plants, animals, and people, trust in actors and technologies, and weighed benefits and drawbacks of GE. Future work should consider how to best measure acceptability of GE for animals, consider contextual factors and consider the use of inductive frameworks.
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Gene editing in animals: What does the public want to know?
Borealis
Kuo, Christine; Koralesky, Katherine; von Keyserlingk, M.A.G; Weary, D.M — 2023-04-11 We aimed to describe the questions people pose about gene editing (GE) in animals as a novel approach to understanding public knowledge of GE. We also compared our participants’ questions with those listed on Frequently Asked Question (FAQ) webpages hosted by GE organizations. Participants (338 US residents) most frequently asked questions centered on seeking general information about GE and about animal welfare (29% and 26% of all questions asked, respectively). In contrast, organizational FAQs primarily focused on regulations (32% of FAQs posed and answered on these webpages). The actual questions people asked provide data on the variable knowledge they bring to the topic and illustrate that people are curious about a range of related issues. We conclude that acknowledging the actual questions that the public bring to the debate around technology use can be used to advance public engagement efforts.
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Qualitative social and human scientific literature focusing on actors in and around dairy farming: A narrative review
Borealis
Vaarst, Mette; Ritter, Caroline; Saraceni, Julia; Roche, Steven; Wynands, Erin; Kelton, David F.; Koralesky, Katherine — 2024-06-21 This is a narrative review data set. It includes information from 117 articles that used qualitative research methods and were related to humans, dairy cows, calves, and farming. The articles were published in selected journals not directly targeting dairy science audiences.These materials are organized by review topic: Animal welfare, human-animal bond, human lives around dairy cattle, technology in dairy farming, dairy farming in ecological landscapes, dairy farming in human society, and dairy farming in food landscapes. In each section and sub-section (where applicable), we included a summarized/paraphrased research aim as expressed by the authors, methods, and study location.

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(Author: Koralesky, Katherine)

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