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Interviews with 12 laboratory animal facility managers regarding institutional transparency
Borealis
Brunt, Michael; Weary, D.M — 2021-06-14 The objective of our study was to describe perceptions of transparency among animal research facility managers (all working within the same ethical oversight program), and how these perceptions influenced their experiences. Semi-structured, open-ended interviews were used to describe perceptions and experiences of 12 facility managers relating to animal research transparency. Four themes emerged from the participant interviews: 1) communication strategies, 2) impact on participant, 3) expectations of transparency, and 4) institutional policies. Similarities and differences regarding perceptions of transparency existed among participants, with notable differences between participants working at university versus hospital campuses. These results illustrate differences in perceptions of transparency within one institutional animal care and use program. We conclude that institutions, regulators and the public should not assume a uniform interpretation of a culture of transparency among managers, and that sustained communication efforts are required to support managers and to allow them to develop shared perspectives.
UBC Dataverse Translation missing: fr.blacklight.search.logo
Attitudes of laboratory animal professionals and researchers towards carbon dioxide euthanasia for rodents and perceived barriers to change
Borealis
Brunt, Michael; Améndola, Lucia; Weary, D.M — 2022-02-14 In this study we conducted an online survey of Canadian and European laboratory animal professionals and researchers (n 592) to assess their attitudes towards the use of CO2 and alternative methods for rodent euthanasia using quantitative 7-point scale (from 1 (  strongly oppose) to 7 (  strongly favour) and qualitative (open-ended text) responses. CO2 was identified as the most common method used to kill rodents, and attitudes towards this method were variable and on average ambivalent (mean SD score on our 7-point scale was 4.4 1.46). Qualitative analysis revealed four themes relating to participant attitude: (a) the animal’s experience during gas exposure; (b) practical considerations for humans; (c) compromise between the animal’s experience and practical considerations; and (d) technical description of the procedure or policies. Many participants (51%) felt that there were alternatives available that could be considered an improvement over CO2, but perceived barriers to implementing these refinements. Qualitative analysis of these responses revealed five themes: (a) financial constraints; (b) institutional culture; (c) regulatory constraints; (d) research constraints; and (e) safety concerns. In conclusion, concerns regarding the use of CO2 often focused on the animal’s experience, but barriers to alternatives related to operational limitations. New research is now required on to how best to overcome these barriers.
University of Guelph Dataverse Translation missing: fr.blacklight.search.logo
Supplemental data: Perceived producer barriers to the implementation of best management practices for the early detection of mild lameness and selective antibiotic therapies for nonsevere clinical mastitis and at drying-off in dairy cattle
Borealis
Brunt, Michael; Ritter, Caroline; Renaud, David L.; LeBlanc, Stephen; Kelton, David F. — 2024-11-07 A total of 6 focus groups involving 35 participants from 30 farms were held in Ontario Canada from February 5, to March 8, 2024. Twenty-five (71%) individuals who identified as a man and ten (29%) who identified as a woman. Participants were on average 39 years old (median = 37, range = 20 to 80). Twenty-three of the farms (77%) were freestall and seven (23%) were tiestall. Sand bedding was used by 14 farms (47%) and combinations of shavings, straw and mats were used by 16 farms (53%). Farms had an average of 105 lactating cows (median = 82, range = 40 to 425). Ten farms (33%) milked their cows in a parlor, 13 (43%) used an automatic milking systems, and seven (24%) farms used other milking systems.
UBC Dataverse Translation missing: fr.blacklight.search.logo
Public consultation in the evaluation of animal research protocols
Borealis
Brunt, Michael; Weary, D.M — 2022-02-14 In this study we invited public responses to five different research projects, using non-technical summaries intended for lay audiences. Our aim was to assess the potential for this type of public consultation in protocol review, and a secondary aim was to better understand what types of animal research people are willing to accept and why. US participants (n = 1521) were asked (via an online survey) “Do you support the use of these (insert species) for this research”, and responded using a seven-point scale (1 = “No”, 4 = “Neutral”, and 7 = “Yes”). Participants were asked to explain the reasons for their choice; open-ended text responses were subjected to thematic analysis. Most participants (89.7%) provided clear comments, showing the potential of an online forum to elicit feedback. Four themes were prevalent in participant reasoning regarding their support for the proposed research: 1) impact on animals, 2) impact on humans, 3) scientific merit, and 4) availability of alternatives. Participant support for the proposed research varied but on average was close to neutral (mean ± SD: 4.5 ± 2.19) suggesting some ambivalence to this animal use. The protocol describing Parkinson’s research (on monkeys) was least supported (3.9 ± 2.17) and the transplant research (on pigs) was most supported (4.9 ± 2.02). These results indicate that public participants are sensitive to specifics of a protocol. We conclude that an online forum can provide meaningful public input on proposed animal research, offering research institutions the opportunity for improved transparency and the chance to reduce the risk that they engage in studies that are out of step with community values.
UBC Dataverse Translation missing: fr.blacklight.search.logo
Has the time come? Public confidence, trust, and expectations for the oversight of invertebrates used in scientific research
Borealis
Brunt, Michael; Kreiberg, Henrik; von Keyserlingk, M.A.G — 2022-07-19 In this study our aim was to undertake the first study to describe differences in confidence, trust, and expectations for the oversight of scientists using animals in research. Participants were presented with one of four treatments using a 2 by 2 design; terrestrial (T; mice and grasshoppers) vs aquatic (A; zebrafish and sea stars) and vertebrates (V; mice and zebrafish) vs invertebrate (I; grasshoppers and sea stars). A representative sample of census matched Canadian participants (n=959), on a 7-point scale, stated their confidence in oversight, trust in scientists and expectation of oversight for invertebrates. Participants’ open-ended text reasoning for confidence and expectations of oversight were subjected to thematic analysis. Confidence in oversight was highest for TV (mean±SE; 4.5±0.08) and AV (4.4±0.08), less for TI (3.8±0.10), and least for AI (3.5±0.08), indicating the absence of oversight decreased public confidence. Four themes emerged to explain participant confidence, centered on: 1) animals, 2) participant, 3) oversight system, and 4) science. Trust in scientists was similar for TV (4.3±0.07) and AV (4.2±0.07), but higher for TV compared to TI (4.1±0.07) and TV and AV compared to AI (4.0±0.06); absence of oversight decreased public trust in scientists. Participants believed invertebrates should receive some level of oversight but at two thirds of that currently afforded to vertebrates. Four primary themes emerged to explain participant expectation: 1) value of life, 2) animal experience, 3) participant centered, and 4) oversight system centered. We conclude that a gap exists between current and public expectations for the oversight of invertebrates which may threaten the social licence to conduct scientific research on these animals.
University of Guelph Dataverse Translation missing: fr.blacklight.search.logo
Supplemental Data: Perceived producer barriers to the implementation of best management practices for the transportation of lactating cull cows and control of Salmonella Dublin
Borealis
Brunt, Michael; Ritter, Caroline; Renaud, David L.; LeBlanc, Stephen; Kelton, David F. — 2024-03-14 A total of five focus groups involving 28 dairy farmer participants were held in Ontario, Canada from March 14 to April 14, 2023. Twenty-one (75%) participants identified as men and seven (25%) as women. On average, participants were 42 years old (median = 36, range = 20-79) and had 93 lactating cows on their farm (median = 80, range = 40-320). Eighty-two percent of farms (n = 23/28) were freestall, fourteen percent (n = 4/28) were tiestall, and four percent (n = 1/28) were compost-bedded pack.
University of Guelph Dataverse Translation missing: fr.blacklight.search.logo
Supplemental Data: Producer perspectives on positive welfare opportunities for dairy cows
Borealis
Brunt, Michael; Ritter, Caroline; LeBlanc, Stephen; Kelton, David F. — 2024-06-04 A total of five focus groups involving 27 dairy farmer participants were held in Ontario, Canada from March 14 to April 14, 2023. Twenty (74%) participants identified as men and seven (26%) as women. On average, participants were 42 years old (median = 37, range = 20-79) and had 94 lactating cows on their farm (median = 80, range = 40-320). In total, 24 farms were represented by our 27 participants. Eighty-three percent of farms (n = 20/24) were freestall, thirteen percent (n = 3/24) were tiestall, and four percent (n = 1/24) were compost-bedded pack.

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(auteur : Brunt, Michael)

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