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Data from: Body size variation in a guild of carrion beetles
Collard, Allison; Wettlaufer, Jillian; Burke, Kevin; Beresford, David; Martin, Paul — 2020-09-25 <p>Body size is a key biological trait, influencing the biomechanics, physiology, behaviour, and ecology of species. Describing variation in body size within and among co-occurring species within an ecological guild can provide important context for understanding the ecology of species and the structure of ecological communities. Here, we focus on a guild of carrion beetles (Coleoptera: Silphidae) co-occurring in southeastern Ontario, Canada. We examine how body size varies (i) among species, (ii) within species, including among sexes, and (iii) across the active season, contrasting estimates of size based on mass with those based on morphological structure (elytron length). We find that body size varies significantly both within and among species. Five focal species show evidence for sexual dimorphism in size. All focal species show significant seasonal variation in size, but these patterns differ across species, and depend on our estimates of size. Overall, the observed variation in body size is most consistent with widespread environmental constraints on size and/or diverse selective pressures favouring different sizes within and among species. We discuss possible selective pressures acting on size within and among species; however, the causes and consequences of the variation in body size that we describe remain to be discovered.</p> https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
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Data from: Partitioning resources through the seasons: abundance and phenology of carrion beetles (Silphidae) in southeastern Ontario
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Wettlaufer, Jillian; Burke, Kevin; Beresford, David; Martin, Paul — 2021-06-17 <p>The coexistence of ecologically similar species is thought to require resource partitioning to minimize competition. Phenological, seasonal differences in activity may provide an important axis for resource partitioning. Here, we test for evidence of seasonal differences in activity within a diverse guild of carrion beetles (Silphidae) in a habitat preserve on the Frontenac Arch, southeastern Ontario, Canada using a large-scale survey during their active seasons (April to October). We then used generalized additive models to test for differences in seasonal abundance among eight co-occurring carrion beetle species, including five species of burying beetles (Nicrophorinae: <i>Nicrophorus </i>Fabricius, 1775) and three species from the Silphinae subfamily. Consistent with previous work, all species showed seasonal variation in abundance, with peak abundance of most species occurring between June and August. All but one species (<i>Nicrophorus sayi </i>Laporte, 1840) showed positive relationships between abundance and temperature. We find evidence consistent with seasonal partitioning of resources among <i>Nicrophorus </i>habitat generalists that could potentially reduce competition for limited carrion resources. In contrast, we find little evidence for seasonal differences in abundance among <i>Nicrophorus </i>habitat specialists, which instead may partition resources spatially. Overall, our results provide evidence consistent with an important role for seasonal resource partitioning among carrion beetle species that show higher levels of spatial (habitat) overlap within a temperate beetle guild.</p>
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Habitat use of co-occurring burying beetles (genus Nicrophorus) in southeastern Ontario, Canada
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Burke, Kevin; Wettlaufer, Jillian; Beresford, David; Martin, Paul — 2020-09-30 <p>The coexistence of closely related species plays an important role in shaping local diversity. However, competition for shared resources can limit the ability of species to coexist. Many species avoid the costs of coexistence by diverging in habitat use, known as habitat partitioning. We examine patterns of habitat use in seven co-occurring species of burying beetles (genus <em>Nicrophorus</em> Fabricius, 1775), testing the hypothesis that <em>Nicrophorus</em> species partition resources by occupying distinct habitats. We surveyed <em>Nicrophorus</em> abundance and 54 habitat characteristics at 100 random sites spanning an environmentally diverse region of southeastern Ontario, Canada. We found that three species occupied distinct habitat types consistent with habitat partitioning. Specifically, <em>Nicrophorus pustulatus</em> Herschel, 1807, <em>Nicrophorus hebes</em> Kirby, 1837, and <em>Nicrophorus marginatus</em> Fabricius, 1801 appear to be specialists for forest canopy, wetlands, and open fields, respectively. In contrast, <em>Nicrophorus orbicollis</em> Say, 1825, <em>Nicrophorus sayi</em> Laporte, 1840, and <em>Nicrophorus tomentosus</em> Weber, 1801 appear to be generalists with wide breadths of habitat use. We were unable to identify the habitat associations of <em>Nicrophorus defodiens</em> Mannerheim, 1846. Our findings are consistent with habitat acting as an important resource axis along which some <em>Nicrophorus </em>species partition; however, divergence along other resource axes (e.g., temporal partitioning) also appears important for <em>Nicrophorus</em> coexistence.</p>

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(auteur : Wettlaufer, Jillian)

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